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Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Gagne, M., Leone, D. R., Usunov, J., & Kornazheva, B. P. (2001). Need satisfaction, motivation, and well-being in the work organizations of a former Eastern Bloc country: A cross-cultural study of self-determination. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
27(8), 930–942. DOI:10.1177/0146167201278002
This scale captures the extent to which individuals feel mental and physical exhaustion and an inability to cope with the demands of the job.
Schaufeli, W.B., Desart, S., De Witte, H. (2020). Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) – Development, vailidity and reliability. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9495; DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249495
This scale captures the extent to which individuals experience a cirumplex of feelings within a work context
Warr, P., Bindl, U. K., Parker, S. K., & Inceoglu, I. (2014). Four-quadrant investigation of job-related affects and behaviours. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(3), 342-363.
This scales captures the extent to which people are satisfied with their experience of work.
Warr, P., Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1979). Scales for the measurement of some work attitudes and aspects of psychological well-being. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 52(2), 129–148. DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1979.tb00448.x
This scale captures the extent to which individuals perceive pressure, tension, and strain associated with their work responsibilities and environment.
Motowidlo, S. J., Packard, J. S., & Manning, M. R. (1986). Occupational stress: Its causes and consequences for job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(4), 618–29. DOI:10.1037//0021-9010.71.4.618
This scale captures the extent to which individuals have the ability to observe internal and external experiences with awareness and without judgment
Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Assessment, 13, 27-45. DOI:
10.1177/1073191105283504
Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification.
Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103–123. DOI: 10.1002/job.4030130202
This scale captures the extent to which individuals are able to effectively adapt to and ‘bounce back’ or move forward from challenges.
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce
back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194-200. DOI: 10.1080/10705500802222972
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385–396.
DOI:10.2307/2136404
This scale captures the extent to which individuals feel energized and have a sense that they are continually learning in their job roles.
Porath, C., Spreitzer, G., Gibson, C., & Garnett, F.G. (2012). Thriving at work: Toward its measurement, construct validation, and theoretical
refinement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(2), 250-275. DOI:10.1002/job.756
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